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Japan’s Mobile Software Competition Act (MSCA) aims to ensure fair competition in the mobile app market. The law requires major OS providers, including Apple and Google, to allow third-party app stores. Developers and players had expected this change to reduce monopolistic practices and lower in-app purchase costs.
Sadly, Fortnite will not return to iOS in Japan in 2025 as promised. Apple was required to open up iOS to competing stores today, and instead of doing so honestly, they have launched another travesty of obstruction and lawbreaking in gross disrespect to the government and people… pic.twitter.com/7hu5eGMQX6
— Tim Sweeney (@TimSweeneyEpic) December 18, 2025
However, Apple responded with new Japan-specific rules that appear to neutralize the law. The company introduced a 21% commission on third-party in-app payments and a 15% commission on payments via developer-linked websites. Moreover, Apple stated these measures protect users from malware, fraud, and other security risks.
At the same time, the company requires developers to submit monthly transaction reports through a dedicated API, which many critics argue amounts to surveillance of competing stores. Read more details on Apple’s response here.
Epic Games Condemns Apple’s Actions
Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney strongly criticized Apple’s Japan-specific measures on December 18. He called the changes “a travesty of obstruction and lawbreaking in gross disrespect to the government and people of Japan.” In addition, he confirmed that Fortnite will not return to the Japanese iOS store this year.
Likewise, local developers shared similar concerns. Many believe Apple’s new rules diminish the benefits of using alternative app stores. Consequently, developers fear higher costs and additional operational burdens, even though the MSCA was intended to ease these challenges.
Developers See Little Benefit from New Rules
Japanese game producer Ukyo explained why small-to-medium-sized businesses face difficulties under the new system. He noted that customer support, development, and maintenance costs increase substantially. Furthermore, using external payment processors adds 5% core technology fees plus additional transaction charges.
Ukyo asked, “Is there really any advantage?” He also warned that the new rules could raise costs for players. Developers had hoped the MSCA would reduce fees and make mobile games more affordable. Instead, Apple’s changes complicate the process and undermine the law’s intent. Ukyo suggested waiting for court precedents or additional guidance from the Japan Fair Trade Commission before pursuing alternative app stores.
The Future of Mobile Competition in Japan
This situation highlights the ongoing tension between platform control and fair competition. Apple’s Japan-specific fees may set a precedent in other regions, making it harder for developers to escape high commissions.
As a result, regulators and developers will monitor these measures closely. Japanese developers remain cautious, balancing the benefits of alternative app stores against increased operational and financial burdens. For now, Apple continues to enforce its rules while only minimally complying with the MSCA.
